Seed
Access to seeds that are affordable and of good quality can facilitate farmers to deliver strong harvests and meet the increasing production requirements of commercial buyers.
Sustainable access to water, at an adequate quality level and at the appropriate time and location, is important for farmers to make crop production commercially viable.
Appropriate fertilizer use increases crop yields, which in turn can improve the stability and profitability of agricultural production, and increase food supply in rural communities.
Agricultural mechanization offers the ability to increase agricultural productivity through better timeliness of operations, bringing more land under cultivation, thereby enabling markets for rural economic growth and improving rural livelihoods.
Commercial agriculture requires working capital, seasonal loans and medium to
The ability to connect to the internet in remote areas using mobile devices provides farmers with a wide range of information and opportunities, and can improve farmers’ access to markets, improved seed varieties and fertilizers.
Transport provides a critical link between rural areas and distant markets. Efficient, affordable and reliable transport services can encourage specialized production and facilitate trade.
Farmers often have few opportunities to market their products or face additional challenges to do so. Governments can help by promoting farmer coordination efforts, such as through cooperatives, and streamlining compliance processes.
Mitigating the impact of farming on the environment is an important challenge to guarantee the long-term sustainability of agricultural production.
Identifying and analyzing the direct and indirect regulatory barriers to women’s full participation in the agricultural sector is essential to increasing productivity among women.
Secure land tenure provides incentives for land-attached investments to enhance productivity of land use and discourage unsustainable practices (such as soil mining) that generate negative effects.
Livestock is one of the fastest-growing agricultural sub-sectors in the world. It accounts for around 40% of agricultural output in the developing world and is a main source of income for one in five people across the globe.
OECD High Income
Spain ranks among the top six countries globally in all EBA topics.
Europe & Central Asia
Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia are among the top 5 performers in the fertilizer topic.
Latin America & Caribbean
Colombia and Mexico score top 10 in the finance and water topics.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Kenya is the best performer in the region, and ranks within top 5 in the water topic.
The radar chart provides a visual comparison of 3 countries’ performance in the 8 topics scored in EBA17: seed, fertilizer, machinery, finance, markets, transport, water and ICT. Higher scores represent a larger number of good practices observed in the laws and regulations measured by each EBA topic.
Most countries measured by EBA17 (82%) require
In Malawi, it costs more than 30 times the income per capita to register a new fertilizer product, while the global average is 1.7 times.
Only 39% of the countries studied by EBA17 have licensed digital dividend spectrum to mobile operators,
fostering greater coverage in rural areas. None of these countries are located in East Asia and Pacific
or
In less than half of EBA17 countries (28), tractor type approval is mandatory. This process contributes
to the safety and technical reliability of tractors, and is observed in the majority of OECD
It takes 970 days to register a new seed variety in Kyrgyz Republic, while it takes 166 days in Guatemala and the global average is 554 days.
Laws on branchless banking activities have been recently reformed: 10 of the countries measured by EBA17
introduced
Almost one quarter of the countries studied by EBA17 (14) restrict trade through
Cabotage rights, the most permissive regime for foreign truck operations, are observed in only 8 countries studied by EBA17, including Denmark, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Spain.
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