Labour Productivity

The collection of entrepreneurship indicators presented in Entrepreneurship at a Glance is the result of the OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme (EIP). The programme, started in 2006, was the first attempt to compile and publish international data on entrepreneurship from official government statistical sources. From the outset a key feature in the development of these indicators has been to minimise compilation costs for national statistical offices, which is why the programme focuses attention on exploiting existing sources of data. Informing policy design through the development of policy-relevant indicators is at the core of the EIP programme, and much attention is paid to responding to information needs, including the need for timely information on the situation of small businesses. To that purpose, Entrepreneurship at a Glance features an opening chapter on recent trends in entrepreneurship, discussing the evolution of enterprise creations, bankruptcies and self-employment. This edition was prepared in the Trade and Competitiveness Division of the OECD Statistics Directorate by Liliana Suchodolska, Gueram Sargsyan, Belen Zinni and Frederic Parrot. Nadim Ahmad and Mariarosa Lunati provided overall guidance and edited the publication. Particular thanks go to Eurostat and to experts in National Statistical Offices from Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States; and to Cornelius Mueller from Invest Europe, Darrell Pinto from the Canadian Venture Capital and Private Equity Association, Maryam Haque from the National America Venture Capital Association of the United States and Kyle Stanford from PitchBook for help and advice on equity capital statistics.

This publication presents indicators of entrepreneurship collected by the OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme (EIP). Started in 2006, the programme develops multiple measures of entrepreneurship and its determinants according to a conceptual framework that distinguishes between the manifestation of entrepreneurship, the factors that influence it, and the impacts of entrepreneurship on the economy. A defining characteristic of the programme is that it does not provide a single composite measure of overall entrepreneurship within an economy. Rather, recognising its multi-faceted nature, the programme revolves around a suite of indicators of entrepreneurial performance that each provide insights into one or more of these facets. Perhaps most important is the recognition within the programme that entrepreneurship is not only about start-ups or the number of self-employed persons: entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial forces can be found in many existing businesses and understanding the dynamism these actors exert on the economy is as important as understanding the dynamics of start-ups or the self-employed. Indicators of entrepreneurial performance, computed by National Statistical Offices (NSOs), are presented for the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Hungary, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. For each indicator, a short text explains what the indicator measures, how it is defined, and its policy relevance. Additional commentary is provided on the comparability of the indicator across countries. Data are also presented for the entrepreneurial determinant venture capital, while a list of indicators of determinants of entrepreneurship, together with their data sources, is included in an Annex. For more information, please see https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/entrepreneur_aag-2017-3-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/entrepreneur_aag-2017-3-en

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